Suppression de l’obligation de suivre des cours de langues étrangères à l’université.

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De nombreuses universités exigent que les candidats à l’admission aient suivi une langue étrangère au lycée. Si ce n’est pas le cas, les universités exigent généralement qu’ils suivent des cours de langue étrangère dans le cadre d’une exigence générale pour tous les programmes de licence. Je soupçonne qu’une telle exigence universelle empêche de nombreuses personnes talentueuses d’atteindre leurs objectifs éducatifs.

Pour moi, les exigences actuelles en matière de langues étrangères sont discriminatoires à l’égard des aphantasiques qui ne créent pas d’images auditives et des personnes qui ne prévoient pas d’avoir besoin d’une langue étrangère dans le cadre de leur carrière.

Pour moi, les exigences en matière de langues étrangères devraient être limitées aux étudiants qui souhaitent travailler dans un domaine où la maîtrise d’une langue étrangère est nécessaire. Pour tous les autres étudiants, les cours de langues étrangères devraient être facultatifs. En général, les étudiants peuvent obtenir une formation plus large en suivant une grande variété d’autres cours au cours de leurs première et deuxième années.

Lorsque j’ai écrit à ce sujet au responsable des programmes universitaires du bureau du président du système de l’université de Californie, j’ai reçu en réponse la justification rationnelle suivante :

“Le corps enseignant de l’université établit des critères d’admission minimaux afin de s’assurer que chaque étudiant admis possède les compétences fondamentales nécessaires pour réussir et persévérer jusqu’à l’obtention de la licence. Les campus examinent les candidats en fonction des exigences minimales du système, mais aucun candidat n’est refusé sans avoir fait l’objet d’un examen complet de sa candidature. Les étudiants à qui il manque une condition mais qui sont par ailleurs qualifiés et compétitifs pour un campus peuvent être admis en vertu de la politique d’admission exceptionnelle de l’université. Cette politique permet d’identifier les étudiants qui ne remplissent pas les conditions techniques d’éligibilité mais qui ont de fortes chances de réussir.

à l’UC ou un potentiel exceptionnel de contribution à l’université ou à l’État de Californie. Des exceptions peuvent être faites pour de nombreuses raisons, y compris pour des handicaps physiques ou d’apprentissage ou des conditions telles que l’aphantasie, qui affectent la capacité des étudiants à répondre aux exigences d’éligibilité de l’UC”.

J’aimerais que les aphantasiques prennent l’initiative de lutter contre ce type de discrimination. Voici quelques exemples d’actions qui pourraient être entreprises :

1. Contester les exigences comme étant une forme illégale de discrimination

2. Mener des recherches sur la manière dont ces exigences affectent négativement les personnes aphasiques et les autres personnes dont la carrière ne dépend pas de la connaissance d’une langue étrangère.

3. Les aspects financiers et temporels négatifs de l’obligation de suivre ces cours.

4. L’amélioration de l’apprentissage par le fait que seuls les étudiants intéressés participent à ces cours.

5. Des études sur le nombre de jeunes qui évitent de s’inscrire à l’université parce qu’ils sont découragés par ces exigences en matière de langues étrangères.

6. Développer des moyens pour que les universités fassent connaître aux conseillers d’orientation des lycées les alternatives qui pourraient être disponibles.

7. Etc.

Ma défunte épouse, qui parlait couramment sept langues, était presque étonnée que quelqu’un qui ne crée pas d’images auditives soit obligé d’étudier une langue étrangère. Elle a vite compris qu’il serait presque impossible pour moi de parler couramment une langue étrangère.

Elle a soulevé la question de savoir si les universités continuent à faire valoir cette exigence comme une forme de garantie d’emploi pour les professeurs de langues étrangères. Elle a également constaté que l’apprentissage des élèves intéressés était entravé par la présence d’élèves non intéressés dans les mêmes classes.

 

 

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Total des commentaires (4)

Hi Burt,

I realize and acknowledge your frustration. I’m just not sure whether I support your premises and the claims built on those premises. As to the list of actions you’re proposing, I must say points 3 to 7 would apply to pretty much every applicant, while I would recommend to take step 2 before step 1. Any findings of aphantasia being an obstacle in the process of learning a foreign language would very much support your point.

Personally, I’m not convinced aphantasia makes it “almost impossible to become fluent in a foreign language”. Just have a look at this forum, there are many participants who are not native english speakers and they express themselves quite well. Aphantasiacs are present in pretty much all jobs and professions. Many are musicians, a skill that basically requires comparable assets and abilities as learning a foreign language.

I would love to hear from other members though, what’s your experiences and ideas?

Best,

PAL

I completely agree with your skepticism about aphantasia being a barrier to language learning. I’m certainly near the bottom of visualization ability and I wouldn’t say it was aphantasia that gave me any specific trouble. I never got past a few years into learning Japanese, and aphantasia definitely made learning Kanji (symbolic written language) tricky, but the same techniques and adjustments I used for everything applied just as well to language. Memorization is terrible in my experience, but with practice and use I can automate the reaction and perform just as well (if not better) than classmates. I found an absolute ton of value in even attempting a second language too, so much so that I’ve taken Japanese at 3 different schools (never advanced, but just to try it out again). It helps absolute loads with information processing and understanding language. Even made my spelling and speaking better by hinting patterns and rules I’d not discovered in English.

All that said, I do understand why forced second language requirements could be limiting, more so for those homeschooled or with language conditions than for those with aphantasia (or at least those with my style of it). I do think requiring some advanced language knowledge is good, but I could see language theory or descriptivist vocal training or something along that line being just as valid as another language. Definitely an interesting topic!

I was frustrated in Spanish classes in junior high and high school. I was blazing along learning the vocabulary and grammar rules and it felt very easy to me. But the class bogged down a couple of chapters in with the teacher assisting the slowest kids, so I spent all my time doing my science and math homework. I tried the Duolingo app and ran into the same problem. Endless repetition of introductory material and very slow advancement. 

My memory works best through writing. Writing stuff down somehow locks it into the core. Not through visualization or listening but through the mechanical motions of my hands. 

Well, as someone whose degree is in a foreign language I am going to disagree. It’s not impossible to learn a language, it just takes a different approach. I also disagree with the requirement being useless unless you are intending to use a foreign language. Even though in my opinion college language classes will never get any individual to fluency what learning a foreign language to any degree does is teach someone about other cultures and opens someone to those opportunities. And i think that is an important part of college education is opening your mind to another culture outside your own.

I have a different experience with foreign languages than most aphants.

I started learning to write software at just eleven years old, before the IBM PC even existed.  In high school, I studied German.  Probably because a spoken language isn’t that different from a software language (other than being, well, spoken), I personally found learning German rules to be intuitive.  Thirty-five years later, I still remember all of the syntax rules, though I’ve forgotten most of the vocabulary, due to lack of practice.  But, due to being an aphant, my pronunciation was always bad (I sounded far too similar to English), since I can’t repeat in my head how I’ve heard things pronounced to imitate the correct sound, nor recognize when I say things wrong.  So, it turned out I’m excellent at learning to read and write languages, and understanding them is easy for me, but pronunciation is an endless struggle for me.

A year out of high school, I volunteered to be a missionary in another country.  When they sent me to Mexico, I spent two months beforehand learning Spanish.  In that short time, I became very comfortable communicating in Spanish.  I quickly become basically “fluent, but with a bad accent” :p

I’ve continued speaking Spanish, and despite no formal studies, I read and write it better than many native speakers, and I understand it spoken extremely well.  But, like with German, even after 34 years speaking the language, and knowing all the rules well, and married to a woman who speaks it as her primary language, I still sound far too “gringo”.  Since finding out at the beginning of 2021 that I have aphantasia, I finally know why, but it doesn’t change the fact that it’s absurdly hard for me to improve my pronunciation.  It also explains why I have such difficulty acting as an interpreter between English and Spanish, unless they do it more sentence-by-sentence.  When interpreting is paragraph-by-paragraph, it’s impossible to not start to lose the content of what was said.

When I ran into a more severe block is sign language.  Two years ago, I started working for a company that provides interpreters for calls between the deaf and hearing (acting as their software architect).  They provided me with weekly classes in sign language.  Besides the fact that I have to put in extra effort to learn new signs, since I can’t see them in my head, understanding sign turned out to be a nightmare.  Since my mind is trained since birth at extracting meaning from what is said, so I can understand languages (even though I can’t repeat in my mind the sounds of what was said), I don’t have an equivalent way wired into my head to extract sign language.  As they quickly move their hands, I immediately get lost.  I’m sure I could get it eventually, but it would probably take an absurdly long time.

It turns out children with autism or similar learn better with “mixed media” communication.  I suspect that is true of aphants as well.  For example, an elementary school class has been taught where communication is done spoken and in sign language simultaneously.  The communication and understanding by the autistics was shown to be significantly better (with no negatives for the other children).  That proved there’s a good way towards an integration of “normal”, autistic, aphants, deaf, and blind students into a common learning environment (and it would help foreign students as well!).  But for that to work, the language needs to be “iconic” (obvious gestures, like used in American sports).  The downside is that American Sign Language and others over time have become less “iconic”, which means that they are non-intuitive for novices.  And ASL doesn’t really have any technical words, so there’s a huge number of words where they instead have to spell it out letter by letter in English (which means it’s not really sign language at that point, it’s English).  That’s very unfortunate.  The only “iconic” sign languages I know of are Plains Indian sign language (long out of use), and International Sign Language (very uncommon).

The fix would be a new international sign language that isn’t meant just for the deaf, but also autistics, aphants, etc.  The best starting point would probably be basing it on the words of the language Toki Pona.  It’s a language with just 137 words that allows basic communication.  Giving that a set of iconic signs would create a starting point that would give aphants a way to learn ASL and other sign languages later, since the mind is already trained on how to extract meaning from sign as it happens, as happens with spoken languages.

There is already a sign language for Toki Pona, but I suspect it isn’t very iconic:
http://tokipona.net/tp/janPije/signlanguage.php