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How did you first discover aphantasia?

2 min readByTom Ebeyer
I always find this question so interesting. For most of my life, I didn't realize that others were actually visualizing their thoughts and memories... I thought it was more of a figure of speech than a literal description of how people were thinking. I had such a hard time wrapping my mind around the idea that visual representations were being created in someone's "mind's eye". I still do, to be honest. How do you understand something you've never experienced? It's almost like trying to explain the colour purple to someone who only sees in black and white... good luck! It was my second year in college when my girlfriend (at the time) opened my eyes. We were talking about a mutual friend we'd just seen, and how she was wearing the same thing she was the last time we saw her a year prior. I was amazed she could remember that kind of detail... "How do you remember what she was wearing a year ago??" I asked. "Well, I can just see her in my mind"... WHAT?! I then spent years obsessively asking everyone about their experience. Helplessly searching for "learn to visualize" or "no mind's eye" on google only led me to nothing... how can I be missing what seems to be a vital part of the human experience? To relive memories in my mind... see the people, places, and events that meant the most to me? To "picture" what it might be like to visit a destination or "imagine" a success. All the writing I found talked about the benefits of visualizing... even today, a google search shows that it's still heavily weighted this way. This was years before aphantasia was coined by Adam Zemen at Exeter. Many discussions have taken place since then, and I've come a long way in my understanding of aphantasia. How did you first discover aphantasia?
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I discovered my aphantasia by chance while listening to a rather uninteresting segment in which a speaker explained that he couldn’t see his thoughts
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Jeff Barrowrecently
I discovered it at age 14, now 60, when a summer camp I went to would have guided visualization and I would lie there with my eyes closed listening to the person narrate but never had the experience that all others were talking about afterwards. From that point on, I have tried to "see" images but just get narration. Years later when trying to explain why creative or artistic endeavors like painting, wood working, ceramics, were difficult for me, a friend told just picture in head what it should look like when you finish and copy the image you created in mind. That one conversation made me realize I should pick up forgery since there's always an original to copy or at least paint by numbers
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Margaret Nelsonrecently
Hmmm…don’t remember (SDAM). Jk, but seriously. This is a trip. Saw a girl on youtube talking about aphantasia, sdam, adhd, and autism. I was like, well yeah, of course I don’t “see” stuff. It was only a couple day ago that I realized people HEAR and SMELL etc. etc. My autobiographical memory is nonexistent unless a story is created around the event. I am still in the revelation phase of “oh, that’s why I can’t…” …find my car, remember people, remember my life, dress myself without first looking at how things look on other people, identify with myself in photos…the list just grows.
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Peter Eserinrecently
I first discovered the word aphantasia in an article on my iPhone news feed. Before that I was aware that I don’t visualize, but put it down to concussion from falling out of a car when I was 3 or 4. I am an 82 retired engineer. My spouse is hyperphantasic so I have been very aware of my grossly inferior episodic and autobiographical memory. Reading I have done since discovering the term aphantasia has helped me feel better about myself.
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Nancy Smithrecently
I searched for "aphantasia" in my email to see what articles I have read and when. Apparently, I did read about the new term in June 2015 (in the "Picture This? Some Just Can’t" by Carl Zimmer), shortly after the name was coined. I saved it and forwarded a copy to my son (who does not have the problem) with some description of how I thought it applied to me as to the author in the article. Prior to that article, I had no idea that other people saw images rather than thought about them. I speculated to my son that perhaps it was related to my failure to "get" spatial relationships--I have to think to come up with which is left and right. I have always known this is not a problem for other people, who just know which way is left and which is right, who also come out of buildings and instinctively turn in the correct direction for their car, where I instinctively--I'd say 100% of the time--go the opposite way, making it not unknown but backwards! And I confuse many other such relationships, especially when stressed or busy. I don't remember if I paid a lot of attention after 2015 to now knowing about aphantasia, but I read more articles in 2023, and became very interested. My friend suggested that I could improve my image visualization if I tried, but I wasn't very successful, just more conscious. I am about to be 80 years old, have had very bad memory issues since I was in my 30s (prior to that I could remember every card in every Bridge hand and now I can't remember what is in one hand of Clue if I don't keep looking!), so that was a change, but I think that I've never had a particularly good memory for autobiographical and other events. A possibly relevant point is that I had parathyroid tumor surgery last year, where the surgeon was fairly sure that my tumor could be traced to radiation treatments (at age 6 months) to shrink my thymus. I won't give my opinion on the medical profession that did that to so many children in the 1940s just because they had colic--and it also caused me breast cancer in 1995 and 2001, which according to that surgeon was also definitely the result of the early radiation. The current surgeon also said that my problems with brain fog and kidney stones starting in my 30s and 40s could probably be traced back to the parathyroid which would have started about then (and not diagnosed for decades) as a result of the childhood radiation--so who knows about a memory connection. And then I had an experience today in 2025! I very recently started seeing an acupuncturist, which I'd never done before. He's an elderly gentleman like me, who is an MD, but focuses now solely on acupuncture with great results. Last week, we started on my memory, he sensed something that he could work on in my pulses and I actually noticed a small difference. This week, I realized that I should bring up my being aphantasic, and he had not heard of it--so got out his magnifying glass immediately and took a quick, very interested look. I mentioned how I was clearly having a problem as evidenced by my failing to see an apple, being at the bottom end of the spectrum w/no image at all. I was totally amazed when at the end of our session, he told me to keep taking the apple test until I see him again next week. I had no idea that he would immediately start working on that. Then I got home and did the Visual Imagery Questionnaire. GUESS WHAT! I've done that before, and never saw anything, but mental knowledge (not any images). Now I think I am indeed seeing something like a "vague image", but more importantly, I am not having the thoughts that I usually have instead of images. In the case of every question in that questionnaire, I found my brain working to see an image rather than piece together my thoughts about what I knew of it as I have always done. Having thoughts like: the sun is orange, it appears above horizon, happens in the morning, I can look from the front steps in SB over the buildings across the street, etc. which is very different from using one's vision to try to see the sunrise, without thinking of the characteristics--just seeing. Now I found myself actually looking to clarify a vague image of a sun coming up. Plus, when I tried to picture a color like blue (or the rainbow), I think it might have actually flashed up very briefly. Has anyone found acupuncture to be helpful in re-establishing brain connections?
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Jennifer Wilgerrecently
I heard a story about aphantasia on Radio Lab. I am the parent of an autistic (Asperger's) young adult, and the head of a school for neurodivergent (ASD 1 and similar social/executive function needs), so quite familiar with "thinking in pictures." It's how Temple Grandin thinks, picturing specific individual church steeples, dogs, etc. I am so "wordy" that I sometimes think in keyboard strokes. I learned to type in 7th grade, and my mind just types away. I have always had trouble visualizing, especially when building and furnishing our homes. I can't imagine it until I see it. I do better with written turn-by-turn directions than landmarks. I do remember visual details (i.e., the shirt my husband then boyfriend wore frequently when we were dating in college), but if I try to actually picture them (eyes closed) I don't really see anything. I have always treasured my photos - of my kids, places I've traveled, beautiful landscapes. Maybe because this is how I actually remember? I am not a mathematician or scientist though, definitely humanities to the core. I also have a strangely accurate memory for minute details (individual purchase amounts that stand out in a yearly budget, where infrequently used kitchen gadgets are stored/or were last used, names of restaurants/hotels in places we've traveled). I like to say that I can work with big ideas and fine details, but need support with some of the stuff in between.
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Pamela Peakrecently
I didn't know I had significant aphantasia until this year (I'm 62, retired MD). Of all things, YouTube prompted me to take an Autism Quiz, and I thought, "wonder why the AI algorithm is prompting that" and "this should be some stupid fun, and easy to pass this test". I took the quiz. And it said I had a good likelihood that I was Autistic. I was shocked-I didn't have the usual stereotype for an autistic person (I'm female, intelligent, and very well behaved). I looked into it more, read some books along the way, and eventually agreed that I was "Asperger". All the while noting myself and my father being very similar. This discovery seemed to make my entire life make sense now. "Everything!", I kept telling myself. Maybe 6 months later, perusing Autism topics online, I came across an Aphantasia article/quiz from somewhere, it said that autistics have higher rates of Aphantasia, and since I was still trying to figure myself out, and had never herd of it, I read it with interest. Discovered I have basically zero ability. Definite Aphantasia. It truly surprised me, and at first I felt "deficient" because I don't have this ability to see things. But I realise it is what it is, can't be changed. It explains why I don't remember so much of my life, and why I don't really think much about my friends/family if they aren't present/engaging with me. I do still struggle with these discoveries and wonder how much better I could have been in life/career/relationships/etc if there were more tools in my toolbox. I want to find acquaintances from my life that I had hurt, and apologize to them, confessing my diagnoses, and asking their forgiveness. After all, I thought I was normal. I still feel new to all of this and now wonder if I'll remember my retirement years or not. I found this website from a paragraph in the daily "Nature Briefing" email (nature.com), which described a lengthy writing from The New Yorker [[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2025/11/03/some-people-cant-see-mental-images-the-consequences-are-profound]] and after that, somehow google got me to you!
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John Waughrecently
This is something new to me, not something I've always experienced. And I didn't even realize that it was a thing until I read an article about it. I've recently taken up meditation (about a year ago). It's a Vipassana style meditation practice, but not programatic - I based it on readings and a handful of guided meditations. I found sometimes intense visual artifacts in my "theater of the mind" to be distracting, and tried to eliminate them by not giving them any of my attention. After a couple of months, I succeeded. Now the stage is dark, with only the occasional blip, leakage of light sometimes through my eyelids, and something like a faint afterglow, especially when I first start a meditation. Later I read an article about aphantasia in a journal, and thought hmm, what do I experience? To my surprise, I found (in the past two or three months) that when I try to visualize anything, I only get a faint ghostlike image, which vanishes almost immediately. This includes faces, places, and physical objects. Just enough to register. It's as if my brain has been trained to minimize the resources involved in the visual channel, serving up the minimal amount of information necessary. I am certain that it wasn't always this way and I never noticed the change until I looked for it. I took the VVIQ online and scored low enough that I could be considered to have at least mild aphantasia. Naturally I conjectured that there was a link between the meditation practice and aphantasia. I didn't find any clinical evidence of such a linkage in the science literature. So it may be a coincidence, or, it may be confirmation bias on my part. But I have determined over many weeks that I can look at something intensely, and if I close my eyes I can only visualize it faintly and only for a second. I can conjure anything in my memory, but can't hold it for more than a second (literally) before it dissolves into something like an afterglow. I can still describe it, and I have no difficulty recognizing objects or people. It's as if the signal now mainly operates in my subconscious. And it wasn't always this way. I definitely have an inner voice, which is also being affected by the meditation practice. The effect isn't nearly as noticeable as my visualizations however. When I was in my 20s I took an weeklong battery of intensive tests of aptitudes and skills and was told that I was a "visual thinker", and would have problems with tasks that involved a lot of words. The testers recommended that I supplement verbal communication with visuals like charts and graphs. This seems like a good benchmark for the changes I've experienced. There's one more possibly noteworthy development. My work (environmental planning and policy) is spatially oriented, and I often dream within landscapes - in other words, the landscape is a prominent feature of the dream. And lately, I've noticed that I dream in maps! Symbolic representations rather than visual constructions. This is definitely a new experience. Geographic data is sometimes non-Euclidean, drawing on mathematical tools like graph theory, so "maps" aren't always pictorial representations; they can be quite abstract. I don't have good enough control over dream recollection to know if this is a replacement or an addition. But I have also been dreaming in words a lot. I don't know if that's new, or if I am just looking for confirmation. So possibly I have aphantasia, or maybe something else is going on. So far, it doesn't affect my daily life (I'm 69, and work from home at a computer most of the time, and slowly losing my hearing). There's no clear benefit or detriment - it's just ... different. And interestingly, my wife is an artist who has the opposite problem - synesthesia combined with extreme sensitivity to phenomena.
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J
I’ve just taken the VVIQ and apparently I fall into the extreme aphantasia range, the 1st percentile. I still think this field is young and the statistics aren’t fully reliable yet, but the result makes sense when I look back at my experiences. For example, I’ve always felt puzzled when guided meditations would say things like “picture a forest” or “see yourself on a beach.” I assumed these instructions were metaphors, a poetic way of saying “relax.” I could put myself in those places and feel the atmosphere/aura of the scene, but I never imagined people were actually seeing images in their mind. Years ago I participated in a psilocybin ceremony with an Indigenous community in Cauca, Colombia. The experience was unusual because it was full of intense bodily sensations and pain but not a single vision. I simply thought that was my way of experiencing it and focused on the meaning of the experience rather than the absence of images. Later I did a sound healing session with Tibetan bowls and in that altered state I did have visuals. I saw myself as an eagle flying over the Himalayas while my body moved spontaneously through what felt like yoga kriyas with complex asanas I normally cannot do. Another important moment happened during a regression therapy session. The guide kept asking me to describe what I was seeing and I had nothing to report. He grew frustrated and suggested that I needed to practice visualizing. That was the first time I sensed something about my inner world might be different. I still did not connect any of this to aphantasia because I have very vivid dreams, sometimes even lucid ones. In the first minutes of waking I can generate movie-like visuals in a way that resembles how people describe mental imagery. So I assumed everything was normal. The real turning point came during a recent meditation that was part of my preparation for a therapeutic psilocybin session with my psychologist. The mindfulness exercise was simple: imagine a lemon, smell it, taste it. Nothing happened. I found the exercise almost silly because there was simply nothing to imagine. And that was the moment when everything clicked. The difficulty/frustration visualizing the lemon, the absence of visions in my first mushroom ceremony, the challenges in regression therapy. I searched online and discovered the concept of aphantasia. After taking the VVIQ, it left me wondering why I was able to have visuals during the sound healing session if I supposedly have extreme aphantasia. Maybe the deep relaxation shifted my brain into a dream-like state where imagery becomes accessible, the same way it briefly does as I wake up. Images worked seamlessly when coming from other parts of the brain. As I read more about aphantasia I realized I have probably lived my whole life assuming everyone else’s mind worked like mine. My thinking is built on concepts, words, structure and intuition rather than pictures. What surprised me was not the lack of mental imagery. I have always lived that way. What surprised me were the claims that aphantasia is linked to reduced sensory or emotional sensitivity. For me it is the opposite. I feel deeply connected to external sensory experience. Spaces, materials, textures, sound and light affect me. I relate strongly to being an empath. Social and political issues move me deeply. If anything, I suspect I am more sensitive to the world outside because I cannot summon it internally at will. I do not retain images but I feel the world intensely as I encounter it. My work depends on that sensitivity. I am a designer, architect, photographer and woodworker and my process relies on perceiving form, proportion, atmosphere, light and material presence in real time. So I was puzzled and even slightly offended when I read claims that aphantasia correlates with reduced sensory or emotional depth. Maybe these findings say as much about the perspective of the observer as they do about the phenomenon itself. Scientists who do not have aphantasia are trying to understand it from the outside and that point of view naturally limits what they can detect. My experience, and the experiences of others I have read, suggest that the relationship between aphantasia, imagination and sensitivity is far more complex.
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Fyl Hodgesrecently
I found out about 7 days ago doom scrolling on youtube shorts. Was perfectly content with my life and the direction I was leading it. Just a random video; highschool boy found out that his friend did not have an inner voice. (no inner voice blew my mind) Played some sort of jingle that implied his mind was blown. Like the memes when you can see people thinking, and people animate complex math showing them trying to calculate, usually something simple. That is what started my mental downward spiral over the last week. Over this time I have learned that I am an extreme aphantaic individual, no sight, sound, touch, smell, or taste. While trying to process all this and what it means, ChatGPT and I (after easily 15+ hours) of "talks" came up with a term to explain my specific thinking style: Dialogicist: An individual whose inner experience is dominated by verbal dialogue and conceptual thinking, instead of sensory or visual mental imagery. My subconscious has been hyper focused on communication, specifically using words (now it's obvious) to express my thoughts and what I am imagining or what I am feeling. Till I was about 12 I was filled with a rage The Hulk would find familiar. Just short of full on fist fights with teachers, grandma, and other students. Almost daily, flipping desks, kicking chairs, yelling, tears, ect, all leading to me shutting down, and refusing all attempts at consoling me or communication. Hindsight 20/20, it was because I lacked the vocabulary or words to express my inner thoughts. Currently not much of a problem, pretty good grasp of language at the moment. (said the wise man who knew nothing) But learning about aphantasia has broken me........ Its like being able to look at my past from an outside perspective. I can literally "see" (connecting dots mentally, through conversations with self, and imagining others for simulated responses) just about every time this has affected my life in a negative way. Kinda like Dr Scrooge in A Christmas Carol, when spirits take him to see/reflect on key moments of his life. This (for me) earth shattering discovery has led to a pandora's box of questions. Think the movie Rio, when Blu firsts finds out he is not the last (in my case: only) one of his kind. I can't explain it very well (yet) but I get this nagging in the back of my mind, that this is my purpose. Its like....in the movie, iRobot, when Sunny asked the question to Will Smith, "Ever wonder if you were made for a specific purpose?". Knowing I am not the only one of my species has not helped. So now that I know yall/others are out there, I NEED to re-figure how different or similar you are to me. Don't overlook that all caps word. I assure you, every word I typed is with intent. Tell me how your inner dialogue works. Do you think in conversations also? Maybe just sometimes? How do you (I am assumeing) overthink? What do you think about. How do you think about it? Do you have to fill in the response because you know nothing will respond? Do you get a response? If so what form; Sound, thought, concept? When you get a song stuck in your head what do you "hear"? Do words matter to you, and if so how much; When in debates or arguments do you ever find yourself arguing about the semantic of a word instead of what the argument was even about? Throughout history, of people who did the worst atrocities, how many had aphantasia? Do people on the other side of aphantasia with mainly vision, have less of an inner voice, which means less of a conscience. Do they not have a Jimmy Cricket in their head? How much do you think this affects the 6 personality types (Alpha, Beta, Sigma, Gamma, Delta, Omega) when developing? Are the best leaders dialogue, or vision based. Since about 90% of the population has the ability to use both, why does 60% seem to favor image? Is it because language, even making sounds, came after eyes? When def people read sign language, does it also produce images? Got some theories on how aphantasia might be an aspect in autism. What impact did my inner dialogue have on my narcissism? Similar question string for confidence, empathy and so on. How imaginative do you consider yourself? What are you thankful for? Anyway, long story short, I'm pretty sure my subconscious has become aware of the conscious and vice versa, which is leading me down a spiraling descent into madness, lol. Fun Fact: I LOVE to talk. And my favorite topic is me. So ask me ANYTHING! All I am gonna do is chilling with my roommate's dog for thanksgiving tomorrow. Both my friends live in other states with their families. Both had healthy babies born a month ago so they will be busy. No family. So I got all day to read everything and respond. Lucky you ;) Anything u want to ask me (does not have to be about aphantasia) and I will try to respond. I am also worried this has triggered some type of suppressed main character syndrome. So, if yall are just like me, and I am just acting like a bitch, LMK. It would be good to know if I am just another person with dyslexia, or if I am the one dyslexic person who can read hieroglyphics. May the Gods Bless you and all your noble endeavors.
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Joshua Martinrecently
response You made me laugh, several times, at our similarities. First I’ll get the quick aphantasia-party handshaking, get to know you stuff out of the way, then I’ll address some of your questions based on my experience. So, I started listening to a podcast about inner monologue back in June of this year and suggested video thumbnail asked the question something like, “Do you see pictures in your mind?” or something to that effect and I had the immediate thought of, “Uh, of course not! Nobody sees actual images.” and then the very quick follow up thought of, “Oh shit! You’ve got to be kidding me! People see ACTUAL PICTURES in their mind and I don’t, do I?!” It was that moment, sweating away, painting trim in some random garage when I realized a side quest had officially been unlocked. I’m a near full sensory Aphantasic. (Aphantic? I always stumble over what I should say there.) While all of my other sense remain fully externalized and in the exact moment that I am experiencing them, I do have sound - and most specifically, words. A constant - unyielding - as far back as I can remember - tonally perfect - stream of words. I’m not talking about the sound version of a photographic memory. I forget almost everything unless I apply an extreme amount of effort (it seems, at least). What I’m talking about is every single word I think is spoken in my voice in my head. If another person is speaking in my head, I can hear that too. I can’t remember the exact words that someone spoke to me, but if I put words in their mouth in my head I can hear it in a perfect representation of their actual voice. Besides that, total black screen. (In the interest of full disclosure, I do sometimes get a very hazy, orange hued, outlined version of a mental image right before I drift off to sleep, like the 20 or so seconds before completely sleeping and usually only after I’ve had too much coffee and am simultaneously completely overtired and needed adequate sleep like 6 years ago but again, I’m also compensating with caffeine so my brain and my body are fighting each other. The point is, it does happen to that miniscule extent.) Dreams are a whole new ball game. I dream in the most agonizingly vivid, richly contoured, profusely visual and hyper realistic, somatic experience that I have routinely confused what was real life and what was dream, even embarrassingly late into life. Interestingly, though, without sound! Not entirely, random sounds do sometimes register, but usually only in moments when I am dreaming of extreme tension or violence. In my dreams, people frequently don’t move their (or even sometimes have) mouths. When they do speak to me, it’s like it registers in my brain like telepathy. But that’s all just for free on the side of our actual topic, daytime aphantasia, and I only mention it to express my own version of something I detected in your story, that “What the hell is wrong with me?” kind of freak out moment … It’s not just you. I’m only just now stabilizing from my own mental tail spinning. Anyway, I digress … the TL;DR is I don’t have internal senses, my dreams are crazy, and when I talk about how things are actually kicking around upstairs people usually look at me like they’re surprised I’m able to function as well as I can in modern, polite society. I laughed out loud when I saw you A) deciphering these ideas with chatGPT, and B) describing yourself as a Dialogicist because A) I TOTALLY relate, and B) instead of an inner experience dominated by verbal dialogue and conceptual thinking, my inner experience is dominated by a monologue and conceptual thinking. I am inherently a language processor. I store nodes of key:value pairs, like a dictionary (the computer science data structure), as nodes and combine nodes into broader concepts of semantic meaning. When a picture is worth a thousand words, but you can’t store the picture in your mind, you’re condemned to store the thousand words or forget it entirely. That’s my brain, in a nutshell. I try to write down as much as I possibly can - or it’s like it never happened. I review my notes and it’s like, “Oh yeah, I did that thing. That’s right ….” I definitely qualify as having a Severely Deficient Autobiographical Memory. My wife has sometimes grown frustrated and commented that I exist ‘only in the moment’, but it’s literally because I can’t remember 80% or more of what happened and I can’t visualize the future. I have what I have, and it’s basically what’s happening right now and I simply feel how I feel about it. Which, thankfully is usually pretty positive, can-do, and optimistic - unless of course I get frustrated with something and for whatever reason my words fail to be heard or won’t make a difference, and then all that’s left is the knuckles and grunt-growling like The Hulk. I feel you, is what I’m saying there. My words are important to me. Language is important to me. Grammar is important to me, because it affects meaning, and for anything to be meaningful at all to me it has to be spoken, and spoken deliberately, with intention and clarity. Which is also why I laughed hard enough for my wife to re-enter the room and stare at me before I could re-center, sheepishly cover my mouth in mock shame, and apologize for frequently diverting an argument into a semantic side argument about a word or tone instead of arguing about what the actual argument is about! Again, I feel you. So, with that amount of sympathetic understanding in just a few paragraphs, I took it to heart - I’m telling you, I understood (I wish I could say I felt it, but I would only be speaking metaphorically, and in this context it would only be confusing) - I’m saying I got! You NEED to know, and do, too …. so I’ll attempt to share more of my experiences or understanding and in the very least, maybe you can gain a little perspective. I’m going to approach this systematically, because there’s a lot here, and it all feels important. Tell me how your inner dialogue works. Do you think in conversations also? No, all monologue. It’s my thoughts, my words, my feelings, my perspective - all the time. I can not simulate another person’s perspective with my imagination. At best, while physically writing, and with great revision and editing I can approach such a task, but more as a novelist might and not as someone who might be laying in bed, outwardly appearing to fall asleep but is really just quietly, internally rehearsing an argument with their spouse over their spouse’s continued use of the ridiculously amateurish and demonstrably incorrect use of the crushing-monkey-fist technique for dispensing tooth paste. I’m a pure monologic logocentrist. Maybe just sometimes? No, never. How do you overthink? By over processing or over communicating. It never feels like “over thinking”, it just feels like thinking, but I do recognize at a fairly frequent interval that someone has checked out of the conversation and I think to myself, ‘I’ve exceeded their attention span for this topic.’ What do you think about? How do you think about it? I think about everything! I don’t usually pontificate with myself, I’m not a philosopher. I don’t usually prompt myself with questions, though some times I do but it feels unnatural. It’s more like I guide my canoe like a naturalist down along a sometimes tranquil and sometimes turbulent current in my ever present stream of consciousness. Do you have to fill in the response because you know nothing will respond? Do you get a response? If so what form; Sound, thought, concept? When you get a song stuck in your head what do you "hear"? Every note, inflection of voice, missed beat, and Jagger step. Do words matter to you, and if so how much; Uhhh …. it should be pretty obvious at this point that, to me at least, words matter quite a bit. When in debates or arguments do you ever find yourself arguing about the semantic of a word instead of what the argument was even about? Only like every time - and only because the person I’m arguing with made use of a specific word, tone, or level of voice that conveyed a meaning that is hurtful, harmful, unproductive, or derailing in some way and when asked if they actually meant that doesn’t see the hidden meaning, refuses to acknowledge their verbiage, tone, or level of voice and either stand by it or take it back so we can go on with our actual argument. No, instead, of legitimately debating the merits of one method of dispensing tooth paste over another, they want to denigrate the argument into grade school level name calling and say I’m handling the tooth paste ‘like a toddler’ and then act like I’m ridiculous for receiving that as an insult when they really only meant that I was handling the toothpaste ‘in a somewhat immature or kinesthetically rudimentary fashion’. No, you said toddler, and you left that word underdeveloped if you meant differently - and no, I’m not being defensive about the the way I dispense the toothpaste, I’m appropriately addressing the fact that calling a grown ass man a TODDLER would be offensive to anyone including yourself, if the rolls were reversed ………. Throughout history, of people who did the worst atrocities, how many had aphantasia? Uhh, I would say it doesn’t matter. I don’t think Hitler or Chairman Mao cared about what they did enough for it to bother them whether they could recall the visual image of their action or not. I will say that I believe there is a benefit to the aphantic (that’s it, I’m going with aphantic) trauma survivor, though. Do people on the other side of aphantasia with mainly vision, have less of an inner voice, which means less of a conscience. Do they not have a Jimmy Cricket in their head? I won’t go into dogmatic detail here, though I believe I could, but I will say that brain scan studies of psychopaths (people with no consciences) depict abnormalities in the structure and resulting function (ie emotional control, decision making, and even empathy) of their prefrontal cortex. That knowledge could be construed as troubling. Is my prefrontal cortex fully functioning if I can’t see mental imagery? My reply to that thought (especially as a diagnosed 99th percentile, card carrying member of the ADD of the month club) is the subsequent thought that, while my prefrontal cortex isn’t operating in a divergent manner, it’s not to the extent that I have lost the ability to empathize. A psychopath can not change, they are too far down that road. If they could change, they’d be referred to as a sociopath, and with lots of effort and enough give-a-shit they could actually improve their relationships How much do you think this affects the 6 personality types (Alpha, Beta, Sigma, Gamma, Delta, Omega) when developing? Specifically when developing? Hmm, good question. It seems a lot like asking if life imitates art or if art imitates life, but I would say the answer to both is, yes - but it’s dynamic and complicated. I’m a Sigma. More specifically, I’m an ISFJ Sigma. I was a quiet kid for a number of reasons, some nature, some nurture. Both terms are labels we assign to pre-existing conditions so that we can effectively discuss them. Thus, I can absolutely see how the constant stream of thought in the form of language provided a method for amusing myself in quiet times, allowing me to grow more comfortable in it than I might otherwise have become if not so equipped. But I can also see how someone with a mind’s eye could respond to my same times of contemplative solitude by playing 18 holes of golf in their head. Are the best leaders dialogue, or vision based? I hate to say it, but the person who thinks like most people is going to be more successful at leading most people. But that is absolutely NOT to say that aphantasia limits our leadership abilities to any insurmountable extent. But, realistically, I routinely have to scaffold my communication with something actually communicable to most people. Since about 90% of the population has the ability to use both, why does 60% seem to favor image? Another good question! I’d say that a picture is worth a thousand words and that carrying all those words in place of a simple picture is cognitively stressful and taxing. When def people read sign language, does it also produce images? 🤯 Got some theories on how aphantasia might be an aspect in autism? I am not autistic. I am however very ADHD. In fact, I’m so ADHD that I would rather just say ADD. Growing up in the 80’s with a clinically diagnosed ‘autistic’ cousin, to me autism had always been quantified by the inability to function independently. Yet, these days there are a lot of folks functioning just fine -if not more better than many, quite frankly - independent of any meaningful auxiliary support with what I do believe they are calling Level 1 autism. Having seen the list of characteristics once myself, I did some preliminary research and determined that there are a lot of overlap between Level 1 autism and ADD, and I have NO IDEA how aphantasia is reflected in that Venn diagram. What impact did my inner dialogue have on my narcissism? Did you recede into your mind instead of engaging with people? My feeling is that narcissism is a function of empathy and training. Some people just don’t care that they have hurt you, while others simply aren’t aware because they haven’t been properly trained for what is appropriate. If a person cares about their relationships, and is closely engaged in those relationships, not avoiding conflict, I think it could be argued the probability of their becoming a narcissist id diminished. But people who avoid relationships, like perhaps someone who has the ability to engage in less threatening or taxing relationships by way of the imagined dialogue of their mind, might skew to the side of not experiencing other people’s needs enough while growing up to notice or value other people’s needs when they are confronted with them later in life. Maybe?? Similar question string for confidence, empathy and so on. With a congruent answer. How imaginative do you consider yourself? Rather, actually. I make art, I build things, I invent, I consider, I notice, I have wonder, I experiment …. just not with an accompanying mental image. What are you thankful for? Another good question. I mean, yeah it’s Thanksgiving time, but the greater context is ‘what about aphantasia am I thankful for?’ and the answer is that I’m grateful that I’ve had to adapt. It’s made me a better person. Like someone who cannot see might develop better hearing (I saw video recently where this one blind guy is using clicks of his tongue to echo locate his surroundings!), I have had to develop different skills, and some of them have served me well. In the end, I am what I am and I don’t always like it, but I don’t know that I’d really change it that much. The old saying is, “If all our problems were hung on a line, you’d choose yours and I’d keep mine.” It’s fine if you feel spun around by the realization that you don’t think like most people. That’s understandable. Just don’t misconstrue either as better or worse - they’re just different, and difference not only makes the world interesting, it adds to the collective capability of humanity. So take what you’ve got, however much or little, however different or the same, and do not go gentle into that good night!
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Felix Bunkerecently
Well, it was gradual as people talked about it more after Zeman coined the term and it gradually spread. I have congenital global aphantasia, and I, too, thought that terms like "visualize" and "mind's eye" were figurative language, especially since I could recall and imagine visuals even though I could not literally see them (although those visuals would likely not be as detailed as they would be for someone who can visualize) and not merely describe them verbally. the best metaphor I've come across for that is a computer with no monitor, or with its monitor turned off -- it can still have image files in its memory and process them even though it's not displaying them. So, I didn't have the experiences that some other aphantasics have apparently had such as being confused about 'counting sheep" when going to sleep (I just thought that meant imagining the sheep jumping over a fence -- but without seeing them -- and counting them, but it still didn't work for me, maybe because it made my brain too active to go to sleep) or being told to "visualize" something in meditation or some other exercise (again, I thought that just meant imagining it without seeing it, so, no problem for me). That might help to explain why it took so long for me to discover it until I started hearing and reading about people not being able to visualize, and, at first, I thought that meant they couldn't do the type of imagining I was doing (i.e., without literally seeing it), but, gradually, I came to understand that some people -- most people, even -- actually WERE literally seeing it, meaning that there was another way in which i was different! (More on that in a bit.) I do remember one time in 2nd grade, though (in the USA's educational system, that is) when the teacher asked us to close our eyes and imagine an animal. I can't remember what animal. After a moment, the teacher asked us if we could see the animal. I thought it was probably meant figuratively, but the thought did cross my mind, "What if other people are actually seeing it?" I figured I probably shouldn't ask -- I thought I'd probably be laughed at for suggesting such a fairy-tale notion and told that it was obviously figurative language. I am also autistic, and I had to endure a lot of bullying, etc., growing up for being different, although, back then, no one, including myself, knew that that difference was actually autism. I also had a hard time understanding "normal" people, why they did what they did, why they socialized the way they did (and so much) and had status and hierarchies that seemed completely nonsensical to me, why they constantly dishonestly said one thing but meant another (and why I was expected to somehow magically know what they meant, anyway, or know what extra stuff they'd "read into" what I said but never meant, and, therefore, did not say), etc., etc. So, I was used to "normal" people not speaking literally, so I figured that talk about "visualizing," "mind's eye," etc. was just another example of that. I discovered aphantasia a few years or so after discovering I'm autistic, and after a lifetime of knowing I was different (and being told in no uncertain terms that I was different and that that was unacceptable for some reason). So, being different was nothing new to me at all -- indeed, I'd spent most of my life feeling as if I were an alien that somehow was stranded on earth among these strange creatures called human beings, and that wasn't because of my aphantasia. So, discovering aphantasia was like, "Well, that's another thing I can add to the list!" Compared to autism, aphantasia is more like a curiosity to me, as it has not affected my life to anywhere near the degree that autism has. When I've mentioned that in online aphantasia groups, though, I've gotten a few negative comments claiming I was minimizing aphantasia or something like that, but it seems to me more like they were minimizing autism, not realizing what a profound difference being autistic is by comparison. Or, maybe they were just new to the idea of being different and found it scary, which, frankly, I find hard to have sympathy for, having had to deal with abuse for so much of my life from people who found difference scary. As for me, I am abnormal and proud of it!
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Fyl Hodgesrecently
I have also used computer monioter as referance. I told my friend it like when the copmuter is on, and the screen is on, but only shows black. It has the glow (imaganation), so I know it works and is working, for whatever reason though, it wont generate an image. And they were prob over defending due to it now being a part of their identity. U attacked it (not on puropus), and depeing how much they want to use it as a crutch, hurt there case. Like if told you, i lost a finger, talk me to the hospital. then you said, well i have a nail in my eye, talk ME tot he hospital. See how u ruined "my story". Now you will get more sympanthy and stuff. In general, yes, austisum is worse. But lets look at this through the lense of death for an comparable anolgy. In general, (my perspective) the loss of a signifagat other, in this case, a (my) wife, would be devastating. Soul Crushing. But so can the loss of a dog be soul crushing. Def not, wife soulmate, life partner death bad, but still....hurts pretty bad. Single btw, never married. Have no idea if loss of wife is actuly wose. But its what i think.
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Felix Bunkerecently
"Worse"?! I never said that, not would I. I am proud to be autistic. It is a very fundamental part of who I am, affecting me and shaping me at the deepest possible level, MUCH more so than aphantasia ever could. I see neither autism nor aphantasia as "bad." Autism does disable me in certain ways, though, mainly because of how society is set up, meaning I have to try to make my way in a world that is not made for people like me, but I wouldn't want to change what I am by "curing" it. Nor would I want to "cure" my aphantasia, although I have not found it to be nearly as profound of a difference, nor have I found it disabling in any way.
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Barbara Duhlrecently
Hi- I'm new to this network and this is the first time I am posting a comment. I'll start by saying that like others, for many years I was unaware of this difference in visualization. I knew it was rare for me to remember dreams and other people always seemed surprised by this. I also eventually noticed that friends sometimes talked about seeing scenes from books they were reading and I really didn't understand what they were talking about. Well into adulthood I came to realize that what I called my "visual memory" was very weak. I couldn't tell you what a person I just met looked like or remember what someone was wearing. I am a retired reading teacher and I used to encourage my students to notice what they were seeing when they were reading --providing exercises to help them notice these visualizations. I did this because I learned that visualizing was one of many strategies that good readers use. It was then that I became more conscious of the fact that I don't do this. Although I am an avid reader and love fiction, I do not "have pictures in my head" when I read. So I'd say I've been aware that I was a person who is less able to visualize than other people I knew --I didn't think it was a big deal and certainly didn't know it had a name or that there were people researching this condition. A few years ago I did come across an article or something that introduced me to the fact that this is a condition --and I found that quite fascinating. I read a little about aphantasia and probably mentioned it to a couple of friends, but that was about it. Then a few weeks ago a friend mentioned an interview on our local PBS radio station. I listened that night and have now signed up for this network's email. I am only now starting to realize other impacts this lack of visualization has in my life --like understanding for the first time why I have such a hard time navigating in unfamiliar places and why I can get so disoriented even in familiar parts of town. I am finding it very interesting reading about other people's experiences with aphantasia and want to learn more. I am also looking forward to talking with friends and relatives about the vivid imagery that they see. I have tried to do one of the quick questionnaires to help determine where I am on the aphantasia spectrum --but I am really having trouble answering the questions. I know I don't have vivid images. But do I have vague or dim images or no images at all? I really don't know. I try to visualize my daughter for the first set of questions --or the sunset questions and I really don't know which box to check. "No image, I just know I am thinking about the object" or "Vague or dim image." I start to answer "vague or dim" --but then I return to "No image." I know what my daughter looks like or what a sunset looks like, ! but do I see it? I don't think I do. Maybe it is kind of like asking a colorblind person about what they see when looking at a color. I guess my question is --if I'm not sure I see any image, does that mean I don't see an image --and just know I am thinking about the object and know some facts about it? Not being able to do the questionnaire is kind of driving me crazy.
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Fyl Hodgesrecently
What about the other senses? I have none of the 5 in my minds eye. Can you feel the sand of the beach or the suns on your face? Can you hear your daughter's laughter, or taste the cherry chapstick? If you can do any of those distinctly, to where you know for a fact they are in your mind, ie, not wearing chapstick, then apply the same method and/or analysis to the visual. If not even close to similar results, prob no vision, and or whatever senses u test.
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C Feilerrecently
I heard a radio program a few months ago about aphantasia and realized they were describing me. I’m 59 and never knew about this. I then started asking people what they saw in their minds eye. Most acted like they didn’t understand what I meant, like “what do you mean, you can’t visualize things?” Some, like my sister, said they visualized things but it wasn’t like watching a movie or looking at a picture, which made me wonder if she was partially aphantasic. I have trouble understanding what others see in their minds eye. Do they actually see a picture in color? How do they do that? What does it look like to them? What have I been missing? It’s frustrating not to know.
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Paul Boycerecently
I am a practicing architect and designer. I have always used sketches to communicate and describe things because I couldn’t see them in my mind. The pencil permanently in my hand realised what I couldn’t see in my head and allowed me to correct things as I could never set the image in the correct place on the paper. I now use a whiteboard wall that is 15m long so that is less of an issue, although the image spacing can be dubious at times. In 2023, just before I turned sixty, I found out about aphantasia in this blog Aphantasia – “You have an extremely unusual way of solving problems!” | Diamond Cuts and Wax Stains I think from link in an article from Kottke.org that piqued my interest. I suddenly realised that when others said the saw an image in their mind, they actually saw it and not the vague imageless parameters I saw. Slightly perplexing but also explaining so much and why I have such a large pencil and eraser collection. I have since discovered that I do quite badly on face perception. For interest I am currently involved in a face recognition study by the University of New South Wales.
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Wendy Josephrecently
A friend asked me last week if I 'had aphantasia', she had seen a youtube and remembered we'd had a 'weird' discussion ages and ages ago. She I think is hyperphantasic, she is very crafty and can visualise objects and in 3D in her mind. The 'weird' discussion was that she wanted to teach me how to sew and I recounted being asked to leave at 12years of age the sewing class at school. We had to make a 2-tone stuffed dolphin out of silk like material. I am now 56 and still remember the anger and humiliation I felt when the teacher screamed abuse at me, telling the class I was a menace and 'doing it on purpose'. My nearly completed dolphin could not be stuffed, had one eye, was badly misshapen (she said I had 'done that on purpose, it looks mauled). Yeahhhh. I was then put in woodwork, chucked out of that, then metalwork, then cookery - chucked out of all for not paying attention, not being able to follow instructions or work out how to 'design' in my head and use my hands. Then I was tested at 12.5years as not 'psychologically slow and learning disabled' to being in top 1% of IQ. I was tested during a national testing thingy. At school people didn't bully me - except teachers and headmasters - I had been in 'special ed for the disturbed children' a while and the guys there (I am female) knew I was different but didn't care and just accepted me 100%. Schooling left me cynical and anti-authoritarian, but I suppose ADHD, ASD and now Aphantasia could have played a part. I 'play' nicely now, won a coverted PhD stipend a year ago, but was bullied out after 3 months as I had 'lied about being disabled - I did not put ADHD on my application, and I had NOT asked for ANY accommodations, but you will not be able to complete successfully with THAT disability'. I do not see adhd or asd as a disability to me, it's just me, I accept me and don't care anymore if others do not. Have these issues affected my life, yes and until 10years ago, negatively and still a little today. I work as a professional in healthcare field - but I refused to be bullied by a PhD supervisor (who had NEVER had a job outside of academia vs my 30 years experience in the field of study) and I voluntarily withdrew. It has taken 6 months of overwhelm, as I went straight back to being 12.5years old and being forced away from 'special ed' or remedial class as it was called in UK in 1980s, but I am doing much better today. Re. aphantasia I do not miss what I never was even aware of, but it is very interesting and I have signed up to learn more. I do think neurodivergence knowledge, skills, awareness is badly needed in UK teacher training. My sons experiences were wild too. He is a young adult now and has 2 specific learning difficulties which are a bonus to his being a fab son, worker and friend - and he's gorgeous, respectful and kind lol. His teachers and Headmaster 'just' wanted to write him off - I would not allow it and challenged them with passion.
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I discovered Aphantasia with an article sent to me in February 2023 by my son with the comment: Is this not what you have? I was inmediately fascinated with the concept and a bit overwhelmed by the realisation that I am different from most other people and, at that time, felt "cursed" with what can be seen as a disability. Lately, with the help of ChatGPT, I consider that my aphantasia might be acquired when I had a traumatic experience at 9. Happy to be here Nando, from Northern Spain
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Linda Maroldrecently
I have always been aware that I can clearly visualise anything I want. Very handy when planning projects or chores or sewing. Never thought it was anything unusual until I tried to explain it to other people. Eventually realised I was pretty much alone in this! Was quite interested in a recent article in the Guardian which put me onto you guys.
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Fyl Hodgesrecently
How vivide is it? when pictureing chorse what do you see? Are they moving? pictures? are the chorse done, still incomplete or somwhere in the middle? if its like the trash, is it jsut the trash, or is the whole room there?
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Julieta Axrecently
My family and I were traveling to Europe for my younger sister’s wedding. We were on our way back to Brazil from Morocco, and I had my eyes closed. The plane was very big, and my husband was sitting next to me. Behind us were my older sister, my brother-in-law, and my mom (at least that’s how I remember it, though I’m not completely sure). There was the white noise of the engine, the bright light coming through the window, and a Moroccan-style melody filling the whole space. I felt very calm and relaxed — I loved flying, and I was happy with this trip. I was recovering from a bad flu with a very inflamed throat. I wasn’t sleeping, but I was almost drifting off. Then an image appeared in my mind. Everything was so clear and vivid, as if I were watching a movie with my eyes closed. I was startled, but not scared. It was so incredibly beautiful that I didn’t want to open my eyes to tell the others what was happening, afraid it would all disappear. It only lasted a few seconds, but it was one of the most beautiful things that has happened to me in my 43 years of life. In my mind — literally as if I were daydreaming — I saw a gorgeous Moroccan building with colorful tiles. I could move closer and farther away. The brightness impressed me the most, because all my life, whenever my eyes are closed, everything is always dark. After a few seconds, everything went dark again, so I opened my eyes and tried to explain to my husband what had just happened. And then he told me that this was imagining, and that it was something everyone could do all the time. “Everyone can do that all the time?” I couldn’t believe what he was telling me. It didn’t seem possible that everyone else had that superpower except me. There were still several hours left before we reached Brazil, and I didn’t have internet access to look up what had happened, so I started a little investigation with my family. I asked everyone if they could imagine, and out of all of them, only my mom didn’t fully understand what I meant. Later I learned that she could imagine, but at a low level, and that my younger sister had never imagined visually — she only imagines sounds. Later on, I also learned that people can imagine with their eyes open, which felt impossible to me. But it happened to me twice — for just one second — like a tiny photograph flashing in my mind, and then never again. Still, at least now I know what it looks like. I also learned that all the senses can be imagined, but in my case I only have sounds — mostly my own inner voice and songs that get stuck in my head — and a very faint sense of touch. Everything else, nothing.
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Fyl Hodgesrecently
YOUR STORY IS AMAZING!!! Gonna read it agin, one sec.... wish i could talk to you and your family. Jesus might need to move to second place for who to eat dinner with anyone in the world question, lol. How does she hear sounds? like her mind eye tracks the waves? how does she know she is hearing sounds? How do you? Is it the whole song? like instraments, backup voculs, singer? I just think the words of the song. nothing more. All I have is a inner voice. I want almost nothing more than for you to tell me how your inner voice works? Since you hear sounds, does that mean you hear the voice? Is it your voice, or that of another? Can u put your voice in place of the singers so it sounds like its your song? Like "Step aside Adele. I got this one."? Boom! its you. That what i would do. Can u put others voices in the singers place? like make reaking ball be sung by Darth Vader or something? That would be hilarious. LOL. whish i could visulize it. lucky bastards, lol. Read story again. Also, glad u have a good and happy life. :) and if u can imgian sound when there is none, what happens when you listen to a song? it is the same "vision"or thing? more or less clear with raw matrial provided from active listing, or is it not relavant?
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Cameron Whileyrecently
G'day, I'm Cameron Whiley. I found out about Aphanasia about 3 years ago when talking with my wife, when she said something about seeing something in her head. All my life I had heard this and just thought , yeah right , and didn't think anymore about it . My wife ( who works on computers) started looking into what I said and told me I had Aphanasia. I'm 70 years old and allways wanted to draw pictures but had to have a picture in front of me so I could copy it.
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Fyl Hodgesrecently
same. never really wanted to draw though personaly, but like in art class or something.
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marielac68sovm7qrecently
A colleague was doing a lecture a couple of years ago and it included aphantasia. When she was telling me about it I realized that she was talking about what I experience when I visualize. I just assumed no one actually ‘saw’ anything. Mind’s eye to me meant using your mind to imagine or get the sense of things by thinking about it not seeing it. So weird. Now I want to know more.
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Fyl Hodgesrecently
Same.
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